Ngaba i-biomarker entsha yegazi inokunceda ukuqikelela umngcipheko we-Alzheimer?

Uphononongo olutsha lucebisa ukuba i-astrocytes, uhlobo lweeseli zengqondo, zibalulekile ekudibaniseni i-amyloid-β kunye nezigaba zokuqala ze-tau pathology.UKaryna Bartashevich/Stocksy

• I-astrocyte esebenzayo, uhlobo lweseli yobuchopho, inokunceda izazinzulu ziqonde ukuba kutheni abanye abantu abanengqondo ephilileyo kunye neediphozithi ze-amyloid-β ebuchotsheni babo bangaziphuhli ezinye iimpawu ze-Alzheimer's, ezifana neeproteni eziphitheneyo ze-tau.
• Uphononongo olunabathathi-nxaxheba abangaphezu kwe-1,000 lujonge kwii-biomarkers kwaye lwafumanisa ukuba i-amyloid-β yayidityaniswe kuphela kumanqanaba okwanda kwe-tau kubantu abaneempawu ze-astrocyte reactivity.
• Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-astrocytes ibalulekile ekudibaniseni i-amyloid-β kunye namanqanaba okuqala e-tau pathology, enokutshintsha indlela esichaza ngayo isifo se-Alzheimer sakuqala.

Ukuqokelelwa kwee-amyloid plaques kunye neeprotheyini ze-tau ezidibeneyo ebuchosheni kudala zithathwa njengeyona sizathu siphambiliIsifo sika-Alzheimer (AD).

Uphuhliso lweziyobisi luthande ukugxila ekujoliseni kwi-amyloid kunye ne-tau, ukutyeshela indima enokubakho yezinye iinkqubo zengqondo, ezifana ne-neuroimmune system.

Ngoku, uphando olutsha oluvela kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh School of Medicine lucebisa ukuba ii-astrocyte, eziziiseli zengqondo ezimile njengenkwenkwezi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuqhubela phambili kwe-Alzheimer's.

AstrocytesUmthombo othembekileyoZininzi kwizicubu zengqondo.Kunye nezinye iiseli zeglial, iiseli zengqondo ezihlala kwi-immune, ii-astrocyte zixhasa ii-neuron ngokuzinika izondlo, ioksijini, kunye nokhuseleko kwiintsholongwane.

Ngaphambili indima ye-astrocyte kunxibelelwano lwe-neuronal yayingahoywanga kuba iiseli zeglial zingawuphathi umbane njengee-neurons.Kodwa isifundo seYunivesithi yasePittsburg sicela umngeni kule ngcamango kwaye sikhanyisela indima ebalulekileyo yeenkwenkwezi kwimpilo yobuchopho kunye nezifo.

Iziphumo zipapashwe kutshanje kwiIndalo MedicineUmthombo othembekileyo.

Uphando lwangaphambili lubonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwiinkqubo zengqondo ngaphaya komthwalo we-amyloid, njengokunyuka kokuvuvukala kwengqondo, kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni ulandelelwano lwe-pathological of neuronal death ekhokelela ekunciphiseni ngokukhawuleza kwengqondo kwi-Alzheimer's.

Kolu phononongo olutsha, abaphandi baqhube iimvavanyo zegazi kubathathi-nxaxheba be-1,000 abavela kwizifundo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya abantu abadala abanempilo enempilo kunye nangaphandle kwe-amyloid buildup.

Bahlalutye iisampulu zegazi ukuvavanya i-biomarkers ye-astrocyte reactivity, ngokukodwa iprotheni ye-glial fibrillary acidic (GFAP), ngokudibanisa nobukho be-pathological tau.

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba kuphela ngabo babenomthwalo we-amyloid kunye namanqaku egazi abonisa ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwe-astrocyte okanye ukuphinda kusebenze kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise i-Alzheimer's eneempawu kwixesha elizayo.