Ukusukela kwiNkongolo yeSizwe ye-CPC ye-18, iKomiti ePhakathi ye-CPC kunye no-Comrade u-Xi Jinping engundoqo wayo igxininise ekubekeni impilo yabantu kwindawo yesicwangciso sophuhliso oluphambili, kwaye yenze ukukhuselwa kwempilo yabantu injongo ebalulekileyo yomzabalazo weQela ebantwini. , eye yabonisa ngokupheleleyo ingcamango yophuhliso olugxile ebantwini. Uphononongo lobuchwephesha bezixhobo zonyango lulandela ngokusondeleyo ukubonakaliswa okubalulekileyo kukaNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping kulwakhiwo lwe-China enempilo kunye nomoya wemiyalelo ebalulekileyo malunga nokulawulwa kweziyobisi, ubambelela kubantu-ezigxile, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yoluntu yokuqala. ubuthunywa, kunye “nezona mfuno zingqongqo” njengesikhokelo esisisiseko, ukwenza nzulu uhlaziyo, kunye nokwenza nzulu ukukhuthazwa kwawo wonke umsebenzi kuzuze iziphumo ezimangalisayo. Umsebenzi uzuze iziphumo eziphawulekayo.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iZiko loLawulo lwezoNyango lwezoNyango lwezobuGcisa (emva koko libizwa ngokuba yiZiko) ngokubambelela kuphuhliso oluqhutywa yintsha, ukwakha nokuphucula inkqubo yokukhuthaza ukutsha; ukukhuthaza ukufika kweeprojekthi ezinkulu zelizwe, kugxininise ekusombululeni ingxaki "yentamo"; ukugqitywa kwenzululwazi kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwempendulo yongxamiseko kuphononongo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isithsaba esitsha sokuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane, njl. njl. ukuphumeza uthotho lwamanyathelo, iintlobo eziphambili zeendidi ezahlukeneyo zokuphunyezwa "kokungenelela kwangaphambili, umgaqo-nkqubo weshishini; yonke inkqubo yesikhokelo, uphando kunye nokuphonononga unxibelelwano”, ukukhuthaza ishishini loxubo mayeza, inqanaba eliphezulu lokuzithemba kwezesayensi kunye netekhnoloji kunye nokuzithemba, ukuhlangabezana ngempumelelo. uluntu olukwaziyo ukufikelela, olufikelelekayo kwimfuno engxamisekileyo yezixhobo ezitsha, kunye nokukhusela ngokusebenzayo amalungelo kunye nomdla wempilo yoluntu jikelele.
Namathela kwi-innovation drive
Ukunceda ngokuthe chu ukuphucula ukukhuphisana kolu shishino
Ingxelo yeNkongolo yeSizwe ye-CPC yama-20 igxininisa ukuba kufuneka sigxininise ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha njengamandla okuqhuba, siphumeze ngokunzulu isicwangciso sophuhliso esiqhutywa yintsha, sivule amabala amatsha kunye nemikhondo emitsha yophuhliso, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo sibumba umfutho omtsha kunye neenzuzo ezintsha; ukukhawulezisa ukuqondwa kwenqanaba eliphezulu lezenzululwazi kunye neteknoloji yokuzimela kunye nokuzimela, kunye nokuqhelaniswa neemfuno zeqhinga lesizwe, ukuqokelela amandla okuqhuba uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso, ngokuqinisekileyo ukuphumelela idabi lobuchwepheshe obuphambili. , kwaye kukhawuleziswe ukuphunyezwa kwenani leeprojekthi ezinkulu zenzululwazi nethekhinoloji ezijonge phambili emhlabeni jikelele, kunye nokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi. uthotho lweeprojekthi ezicwangcisiweyo nezibanzi zenzululwazi nezobuchwepheshe. Siza kukhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kwenani leeprojekthi zesizwe ezinkulu zenzululwazi nezobuchwepheshe ngokubaluleka kobuchule nehlabathi jikelele, kwaye siphucule amandla okwenza izinto ezintsha ezizimeleyo.
Ingxelo yeNgqungquthela yeSizwe ye-CPC ye-20 ibonise isikhokelo esisebenzayo sokukhuthaza ukutsha kwezixhobo zonyango phantsi kwemeko entsha. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isixhobo China yezonyango inzululwazi kunye nenkxaso innovation innovation isebuthathaka, umgangatho weemveliso ezidweliswe kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu ngamazwe umsantsa phakathi kwemeko yokwenyani, izixhobo zonyango ukukhuthaza innovation ukukhuthaza uhlengahlengiso kwimizi-mveliso kunye nokuqaliswa kweteknoloji, ukuphucula ushishino. ukukhuphisana njengenjongo, ukulinganisa ingqikelelo ephuhlileyo yezizwe ngezizwe yokusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nokongamela, ukucwangciswa kwexesha elide kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngcembe kokuyila kunye nophuhliso lohlalutyo lwemeko kunye nophando, inguqu. yempumelelo eyila yokuqinisekisa iimfuno zoyilo oluphambili lolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwejelo kunye namanye amanyathelo, kwaye kuzuzwe inani leeprojekthi zesizwe ezicwangcisiweyo nezijonge phambili ukukhuthaza isakhono sokuyila esizimeleyo. Ukucwangciswa kwexesha elide kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwamanyathelo anjengokuhlalutya kunye nokugweba imeko yokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ukuqinisekiswa kwemfuno yokuguqulwa kwezinto eziphunyeziweyo ezintsha, kunye nokwakhiwa kunye nokusebenza kwemijelo ephambili yokuqaliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuzuze iziphumo eziphawulekayo.
Ukukhuthaza ukudweliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha
Ngo-2014 no-2017, abasemagunyeni kuzwelonke abalawula amachiza baye bamisela ngokulandelelana itshaneli yophononongo olukhethekileyo lwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha kunye nejelo elivunyiweyo eliphambili kwizixhobo zonyango. Ukususela ekusekweni kwezi tshaneli zimbini, iZiko liphumeze ngokunyanisekileyo iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zeNkqubo yokuHlola okuKhethekileyo kwiZixhobo zezoNyango eziNtsha kunye neNkqubo yokuVunywa ngokuPhambili kwiZixhobo zezoNyango, ukuseka i-Ofisi yokuPhonononga i-Innovative kunye ne-Priority Audit Office, kwaye igqibelele inkqubo yokuphonononga. kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yejelo lokuphononongwa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo zonyango ezineemfuno ezintsha, ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezingxamisekileyo zeklinikhi, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukungena kwezinto ezintsha kunye nonyango olungxamisekileyo. ezifunekayo izixhobo zonyango kwijelo lokuphonononga ngokukhawuleza. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, izixhobo zonyango ezitsha ezingama-251 kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezibekwe phambili ezili-138 ziye zathunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwintengiso ngejelo eliluhlaza, kubandakanywa nothotho lwezixhobo ezintsha, iteknoloji ephezulu kunye nezonyango ezingxamisekileyo njengenkqubo yonyango lwekhabhoni, iproton. inkqubo yonyango, intliziyo eyenziweyo, i-robot yotyando, i-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), njl., egcwalisa ngokufanelekileyo izithuba kwiinkalo ezifanelekileyo, kunye ukwanelisa ngcono imfuno yabantu yokusebenzisa izixhobo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Oku kuye kwavala izikhewu ngokusebenzayo kwiinkalo ezifanelekileyo kwaye kwahlangabezana ngcono nemfuno yabantu yezixhobo zonyango ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Njengesebe elilawulayo lokuphononongwa kwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha kunye nophononongo oluphambili lwezixhobo zonyango, iziko liye laqulunqa kwaye layiphucula ngokuthe ngcembe imigaqo yokusebenza yangaphakathi yale miba mibini, eyona nto ibandakanya ukusulungekiswa kweemfuno zokuphonononga, ukucacisa iindlela zokusebenza, kunye nokudibanisa imigaqo-nkqubo yonyango. ukwamkela izimvo, njl.njl. Kwangaxeshanye, iZiko likhuphe “uPhononongo oluKhethekileyo lweSixhobo soNyango oluKhethekileyo” kunye “noPhononongo oluKhethekileyo lweSixhobo soNyango oluKhethekileyo”. Ngelo xesha, iZiko likhuphe "Izikhokelo zoLungiso lweNgcaciso yeNkcazelo yokuPhononongwa okuKhethekileyo kweZixhobo zezoNyango ze-Innovative", ezicacisa iimfuno zokulungiselela nokubhala ulwazi lwesibhengezo sokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha, kwaye zibonelela ngesikhokelo esithile. kubafaki-zicelo kunye nabasebenzi be-R&D. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zokusebenza ngendlela engenamagingxi-gingxi, iZiko likwaseke amajelo onxibelelwano kwiimveliso zezixhobo zonyango eziqalayo nezibalulekileyo, kwaye laseka iqonga lokubonisana nge-intanethi ukukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo nangocwangco komsebenzi onxulumeneyo.
Ukuqinisekisa uphononongo lwezenzululwazi nolunobulungisa kunye nophicotho-zincwadi Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womsebenzi wokuphononongwa ngokutsha kunye nophononongo oluphambili, iZiko loPhononongo lwezixhobo liseke inkqubo yophononongo edibeneyo kunye nophicotho, olukhokelwa bubunkokeli bolawulo beziko, iOfisi yoHlolo lweNtsha kunye noPhononongo oluPhakamileyo. Iofisi yokuphumeza. Amalungu eeofisi ezimbini yi-State Drug Administration Division of Medical Device Registration, Instrumentation Review Centre, i-Chinese Biomedical Engineering Society, i-Chinese Society for Biomaterials abasebenzi abafanelekileyo, ngendlela yamalungu omsebenzi iya kuququzelelwa ngendlela uphononongo kunye neentlanganiso zophicotho-zincwadi, ukuphononongwa kobungcali kwezimvo kunye nemiba enxulumene noko kuphando oludibeneyo kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo.
Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo nokwenzululwazi kwezibonelelo zeengcaphephe zangaphandle kunceda ekuphuculeni ngakumbi umgangatho womsebenzi wophononongo olutsha kunye nophononongo oluphambili. Idama leengcali lokuphononongwa kobugcisa bezixhobo zonyango liqaliswe ngokusemthethweni ngo-Matshi 2017, kwaye iZiko loPhononongo lwe-Instrumental liye laseka inkqubo yokuxhasa ulawulo lweengcali zangaphandle ukulungelelanisa ukubunjwa, ukukhethwa, ukusebenza kwemihla ngemihla kunye nomnye umsebenzi wengcali yokuphonononga. ichibi. Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kwentlanganiso yeengcali zokubonisana, iye yaphonononga ukusekwa kwendlela yokukhetha iingcali ngokungakhethiyo, yaphucula indlela yentlanganiso yokubonisana neengcali, yanqanda ungenelelo loluntu kuphononongo lweengcali kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye yaqinisekisa ukuba ubulungisa, ukungakhethi buso kunye nokusebenza ngokwenzululwazi komsebenzi wophononongo. Okwangoku, i-pool yengcali iphantsi kolawulo olunamandla, kwaye ngokomgaqo, yahlulwe ngokusetyenziswa kweklinikhi ye-Class III yezixhobo zonyango, kwaye iikomiti zeengcebiso zeengcali ze-17 ziye zasekwa, kwaye ukukhethwa kweebhetshi ezi-5 zeengcali zangaphandle ziye zagqitywa. , kunye neengcali zangaphandle ezingama-2,374 (kubandakanywa nezifundiswa ezingama-41), ezibandakanya iingcali eziyi-119 kunye nezalathiso zophando ezingama-244.
Ukukhawulezisa uPhononongo lweeMveliso eziQala eziNtsha eziPhambili Kwizixhobo zonyango ezitsha ezinamalungelo azimeleyo epropathi yobukrelekrele, kwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe, ngexabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo seklinikhi, kunye nezixhobo zonyango kwiimfuno ezingxamisekileyo zeklinikhi, ezixhaswa ziiprojekthi ezikhethekileyo zesizwe kunye neenkqubo eziphambili zeR&D, Iziko liqhubekile nokuphumeza uphononongo oluphambili ngokuhambelana nomthetho-siseko wokungathotywa kwemigangatho nokuqhubela phambili iinkonzo. IZiko liyaqhubeka nokuphucula inkqubo yokuhlaziywa kobugcisa beemveliso eziphambili eziphambili, kwaye lijolise kwiklinikhi, lijolise kubahlalutyi abaphezulu abavela kumasebe ahlukeneyo ophononongo ukwenza iqela lophononongo oluhlangeneyo, kunye nezimvo zophononongo olubanzi ezibekwe phambili yiklinikhi, ubunjineli kunye namanye amaqela eengcali. Ngexesha lenkqubo yophononongo, abaphononongi bathunyelwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekuqinisekiseni inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho wobhaliso ngendlela yophononongo lwendawo, ukuze baqonde ngokungenamkhethe nangokubanzi iimveliso ezintsha nezibekwe phambili kwaye babeke phambili iimbono zokuphononongwa kwezenzululwazi kunye nengqiqo. Ukongeza, ikwadibanisa indlela yokubeka iliso kulawulo lweprojekthi kunye nolawulo lomgangatho ukuqonda ukucuthwa okusebenzayo kwexesha lokuphononongwa kwemveliso xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elimiselweyo lophononongo.
Ukukhuthaza iNguqu yeeMpumelelo eziTshayo eziSekwe kwiiMfuno zeKlinikhi
Uvavanyo lweklinikhi likhonkco elibalulekileyo lokulawula kwinkqubo yoluhlu lwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iZiko lenze uthotho lomsebenzi kwinkalo yovavanyo lweklinikhi yezixhobo zonyango, ngokuthe ngcembe lahlengahlengisa ingcamango yophononongo, iimfuno kunye nesakhelo sovavanyo lweklinikhi yezixhobo zonyango, yaphucula kwaye yandisa imithombo yedatha yeklinikhi, yasombulula ezininzi. imiba ephambili efana nendlela yokwenza ulingo lwezonyango, kwaye kuveliswe iindlela ezintsha kunye nezixhobo zovavanyo lweklinikhi, kwaye ngokusisiseko yenze umbono wovavanyo lwezonyango lwesayensi. Ekuhlaziyweni kweemveliso ezithile, indlela yovavanyo lweklinikhi yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo ngokusisiseko ifikelele kwimvumelwano kwii-arhente ezilawulayo kunye noshishino, kwaye umlinganiselo wezilingo zeklinikhi ekubhaliseni imveliso kunye neeprojekthi zokutshintsha ilayisenisi kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Ukwakha inkqubo esemgangathweni yokuphononongwa kobugcisa bovavanyo lweklinikhi Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iZiko liqulunqe amaxwebhu olungelelwaniso lwamazwe ngamazwe ovavanyo lweklinikhi kwaye ngokulinganayo aguqulwa abe ngamaxwebhu aqhelekileyo aseTshayina, kwaye aqulunqa imigaqo ye-8 yesikhokhelo kunye ne-22 yeendlela ezicetyiswayo zovavanyo lweklinikhi, olugubungela ngokupheleleyo. imiba ephambili kwinkalo yovavanyo lweklinikhi. Ngeli xesha, inkqubo yokujonga umgangatho wobuchwephesha obunemigangatho emithathu iye yasekwa kunye nesakhelo "semigaqo ekhokelayo yovavanyo lweklinikhi - imigaqo ekhokelayo yovavanyo lwezonyango lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso - amanqaku aphambili ophononongo lobugcisa lovavanyo lweklinikhi yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso" . Okwangoku, ngesiseko semigaqo-siseko yesikhokhelo, ngaphezu kwe-70 yemigaqo ekhokelayo yovavanyo lweklinikhi yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso kunye namanqaku angaphezulu kwama-400 abalulekileyo ophononongo lobugcisa lovavanyo lweklinikhi luye lwaqulunqwa, ngokusisiseko luqonda ugutyulo olubanzi lweemveliso kufuneka ihlolwe ngokweklinikhi phantsi kwekhathalogu yamanqanaba amathathu yoHlelo lweCatalog yeZixhobo zoNyango, kunye nokufezekisa uvavanyo lwezonyango lwezonyango. izixhobo ezinomlinganiselo ocacileyo weemveliso, indlela ecacileyo yovavanyo kunye neemfuno zovavanyo oluthile, olubonelela ngezikhokelo ezisisiseko zokuqhuba izilingo zeklinikhi zezixhobo zonyango ezitsha. Ibonelela ngesikhokelo esisisiseko sezixhobo zonyango ezitsha ukwenza ulingo lwezonyango.
Ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kweemveliso ezintsha Ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kweemveliso ezintsha zokusetyenziswa kweklinikhi likhonkco eliphambili lokuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango lwezigulane ezinezifo ezinobungozi ezinobungozi. IZiko liqhubekile linika ingqwalasela kwimiba ebalulekileyo kulo mmandla kwaye licebise ngamaphulo afanelekileyo okuphumeza. Umzekelo, iZiko lenze uphando malunga nokuvunywa okunemiqathango kwezixhobo zonyango, livavanye ngokubanzi imingcipheko kunye neenzuzo zeemveliso, kwaye lisulungekise iimfuno zokwamkelwa okunemiqathango, likhuthaza ukuvunywa okunemiqathango kwezixhobo zonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezibulalayo. nolungekho unyango olusebenzayo olufumanekayo ngokukhawuleza; iye yenze nophando malunga nokwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zonyango kwimisebenzi yezonyango, yacacisa iimfuno zokwandisa izilingo zeklinikhi, kwaye yakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi yezixhobo zonyango ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwezifo eziyingozi kakhulu apho kukho. alulo unyango olusebenzayo. Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwezixhobo zonyango ekunyangeni izifo eziyingozi kakhulu ekungekho ndlela isebenzayo yonyango, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingxamisekileyo zezigulane ezithile zonyango lwezonyango kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa koluntu ngokubanzi. izixhobo zonyango; ukuqhubela phambili ngokuthe ngcembe umsebenzi wokulinga wokusebenzisa idatha yehlabathi lokwenyani e-Boao Lecheng, ukuvelisa iindlela ezintsha zovavanyo lweklinikhi, kwaye uphonononge ngenkuthalo umendo wokusebenzisa idatha yehlabathi lokwenyani yokubhaliswa kwemveliso. Ukuphendula kula manyathelo angasentla, iye yaqulunqa ngokulandelelana iMigaqo eKhokelo yokuVunywa ngokweMiqathango yeZixhobo zezoNyango zoLuhlu, iMigaqo yeSikhokelo soBuchule boVavanyo lweKlinikhi yeDatha yeHlabathi yeZixhobo zezoNyango (yokuPhunyezwa koVavanyo), kwaye ithathe inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwezixhobo zoNyango. Izixhobo zonyango
Gxininisa kwimigudu yokugxininisa
Gxininisa ekusombululeni ingxaki "yentamo".
Unobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping ugxininisa ukubaluleka kobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Wagxininisa ukuba kufuneka sigxininise kuphando oluphambili lweteknoloji, ukukhawuleza isisombululo samachiza amaninzi, izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zonyango, izitofu kunye nezinye iindawo zengxaki "yentamo"; ukukhawuleza ukwenza ibhodi emfutshane yezixhobo zonyango zaseChina eziphezulu, ukukhawulezisa uphando lweteknoloji engundoqo engundoqo, ukuphumelela kwezi zixhobo zobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuqonda izixhobo zonyango ezizimeleyo nezilawulwayo eziphezulu; ukomeleza uphando olusisiseko kunye nolwakhiwo lwezakhono zenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, kunye nokubeka ubomi bophuhliso loshishino lwebhayoloji ngokuqinileyo ezandleni zethu. Uphando olusisiseko kunye nolwakhiwo lwezakhono zenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ubomi bophuhliso loshishino lwebhayoloji ngokuqinileyo ezandleni zethu.
Ukuze ucombulule ingxaki "yentamo" kwinkalo yezixhobo zonyango, ukuphononongwa kobugcisa bezixhobo zonyango kuchonge iingongoma ezintathu eziphambili, kugxininise ekudityanisweni kwezixhobo ezitsha, ukutsha kwindlela yokusebenza, ukuphumelela kwimiba ephambili ukuqala uphando kunye nokubeka. phambili kwamanyathelo okuphumeza ahambelanayo. Ekudityanisweni kwezibonelelo ezitsha, ezisekelwe ekuhlanganiseni izibonelelo zophononongo, urhulumente odibeneyo, ishishini, izifundiswa, uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwawo onke amaqela, kwinkalo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye ne-biomaterials ukwenza ukuvula kunye nokwabelana ngezinto ezintsha kunye nentsebenziswano; ekuqalisweni kwemodeli yomsebenzi, uphando, ukukhuthaza ukuphononongwa kweziko lomxhuzulane ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwinqanaba lophuhliso lwemveliso, ukuphunyezwa kokuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwesixhobo sonyango; ekuphumeleleni kwemiba ephambili, ubuso obukhawulezileyo ukwenza ibhodi emfutshane yezixhobo zonyango zaseTshayina kwimeko engxamisekileyo. Ngokumalunga nokuqhawula imiba ephambili, ebusweni bemeko engxamisekileyo yokukhawuleza ukwenza ibhodi emfutshane yezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu e-China, uphando olunzulu kunye nenkxaso yezixhobo zonyango zasekhaya eziphezulu zenziwe, kwaye iziphumo ezithile ziphunyeziwe.
Ukwakha iQonga lokuQala eliVulekileyo neKwabelwana ngalo kunye neNtsebenziswano
Ukuze sibambe inyathelo elicwangcisiweyo lomjikelo omtsha wenguqu kwezenzululwazi nethekhinoloji kwaye kugxininiswe kwiinkalo eziphambili zokukhuthaza ukudweliswa kwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha ezisebenzayo zasekhaya, iZiko lenze inkqubo evulelekileyo neyentsebenziswano yokwenziwa kwesixhobo sonyango kwiinkalo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. kunye ne-biomaterials ngesiseko sokuhlalutya kunye nokugweba imeko yophuhliso lwesixhobo sonyango saseTshayina, ukuzama ukuseka iqonga lokutsha kunye nentsebenziswano. ukwenzela ukubeka iliso kwezenzululwazi kwizixhobo zonyango, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuguqulwa kwemveliso ukudala iqonga lezenzululwazi nezobuchwepheshe, inguqu yempumelelo, ukubeka iliso kurhulumente, kunye nokuguqulwa kwemveliso. Izama ukwakha iqonga lentsebenziswano elivelisa izinto ezintsha ukuze likhonze ulongamelo lwezenzululwazi lwezixhobo zonyango, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezenzululwazi nezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuguqulwa kwemveliso, kunye nokudala imeko entle yokusebenzelana yenguqulelo yenzululwazi nethekhinoloji, inguqu yempumelelo, ukubeka iliso kurhulumente kunye nokuzilawula koshishino.
Ukusukela ekusekweni nasekusebenzeni kwayo ngoJulayi ka-2019, i-Artificial Intelligence Medical Device Innovation Cooperation Platform iye yakha ngempumelelo iimfuno zobugcisa zesixhobo sobuchwephesha se-Artificial Intelligence yaseTshayina, iindlela zovavanyo kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni ezinxulumeneyo, kunye nezikhokelo ezingundoqo ezifana “neeNqaku eziPhambili zokuPhonononga ukuFunda okuNzulu- ISoftware eNcedayo yokwenza iSigqibo kwiZixhobo zoNyango”, “Amanqaku aphambili oPhononongo lwePneumonia CT Imaging Assisted I-Software yoDiagnostic and Evaluation (Trial)”, kunye “neZikhokelo zokuBhaliswa ngokutsha kweZixhobo zoNyango zeArtificial Intelligence” ziye zaqulunqwa kwaye zakhutshwa ngokulandelelanayo. Imigaqo iye yaqulunqwa yaza yakhululwa enye emva kwenye, inika isiqinisekiso esisisiseko esiyimfuneko kuphuhliso loshishino lwezixhobo zonyango lwe-AI. Ukongeza, iqonga liye lakha ngempumelelo isiseko sedatha yeemvavanyo ezigubungela iindawo ezininzi zesifo ezifana ne-fundus ultrasound ye-diabetes retinopathy, i-CT yenyumoniya, i-thyroid ultrasound, njl. ukubonelela ngendlela yokuqokelela, ukulawula, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwedatha yeemveliso ze-AI ukuba zihlanganiswe kwaye kwabelwane ngazo.
Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo ngo-Epreli ka-2021, i-Biomaterials Innovation Cooperation Platform ithathe inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo ekhokelayo, amanqaku okuphonononga kunye nezikhokelo zobugcisa ezibandakanya iinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-in vitro diagnostic reagents kunye nezixhobo, ukuveliswa okongeziweyo, izixhobo ze-ECMO kunye nezixhobo zokuthambisa zonyango, ekhuthaze inguqu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwempumelelo yezenzululwazi nethekhinoloji kwicandelo lezinto eziphilayo kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili indawo yezixhobo zonyango. Ngokuxhaswa kweqonga, inkqubela phambili eyimpumelelo yenziwe kwindawo yendawo yezinto eziphilayo ezixhomekeke kwamanye amazwe ezifana ne-polyether ether ketone materials (PEEK) yokufakelwa; I-China iyaqhubeka ukukhokela ibala lamazwe ngamazwe kummandla wemathiriyeli ye-biomedical enenzuzo, njenge-sodium hyaluronate …… udidi oluphambili lweemveliso ezivelisa izinto ezintsha luyaqhubeka ukwanda.
Phonononga ukusekwa kwendlela yokuhlola kwangaphambili umsebenzi
Ngesiseko sokushwankathela kunye nokuhlalutya ukusebenza kohlaziyo lwenkqubo yokuphononongwa kwesixhobo sonyango kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa, iZiko loPhononongo lweZixhobo lilinganisele imodeli yophononongo oluphezulu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe lenze iimbono zomsebenzi wokuhlaziya ngokutsha, kwaye iphonononge ngenkuthalo inxalenye yezibonelelo zophononongo. ukuya ekupheleni kophuhliso lwemveliso yokuhamba phambili kwemodeli yomsebenzi. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukusasazwa kwamalungiselelo ophononongo lobugcisa besixhobo sonyango kunye nokuhlolwa kweYangtze River Delta sub-center kunye neBay Area District Centre ezinikele ekukhokeleni ulawulo lwemveliso ephambili yophando kunye nophuhliso, uphando olunzulu kunye novavanyo. yeemveliso zasekhaya ezifanelekileyo, eziziphuhlisileyo ukuba ziqhube ungenelelo kwangethuba kuvavanyo lophuhliso lwemveliso, kodwa zilungelelaniswe nophononongo lokuphononongwa kweziko lomxhuzulane. yotshintsho oluya phambili ekuphunyezweni kwenkqubo ethile, iindlela zovavanyo lwemveliso elingwayo, iindlela zolawulo lweprojekti ezinikeleyo kunye nezinye iinkcukacha. Ngo-2022 ngo-2022, urhulumente uya kuphehlelela ngokusesikweni ukuphononongwa kwezixhobo zonyango, akhuphe “iKhowudi yokuSebenza yokuPhononongwa kweeProjekthi eziPhambili kunye neeMveliso eziPhambili zokuPhononongwa koBugcisa beZixhobo zezoNyango (zoPhumezo loLingo)”, zikhuphe iiprojekthi eziphambili kunye nezonyango. izixhobo ezinobuchwephesha obuphambili kunye nexabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo seklinikhi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphononongwa kwakhona kongenelelo lwangethuba kuphando olutsha kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso ngokungenelela kwangoko, enye. ishishini, umgaqo-nkqubo omnye, isikhokelo senkqubo epheleleyo, kunye nonxibelelwano lophando nophononongo.
Ukuxhasa uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezixhobo zonyango zasekhaya eziphezulu
Izixhobo zonyango zaseChina eziphezulu zikhona kwinxalenye yeengxaki eziphambili zenkqubo, inqanaba lokuvelisa umatshini liphantsi kunye neminye imiba. Ukuze kulungiswe ezi ngxaki zingentla, iZiko lijolise kwiimfuno zeqhinga lesizwe lokucinga okusebenzayo, ukucwangciswa okusebenzayo, ukulawula ishishini kunye nokuhamba phambili kophuhliso lwezesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuqokelela rhoqo iinkqubo eziphambili kunye nokugcinwa kweteknoloji engundoqo, ukuxhasa undoqo ongundoqo. uphando lwezobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso, ukukhawuleza ukuzaliseka kwenkqubo yendawo yezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu, kunye nokukhawuleza ukwenza ibhodi emfutshane yezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu. Siza kuqhuba uphando olunzulu malunga nemeko yangoku "ye-choke point" yezixhobo zonyango izinto eziluhlaza (amacandelo), ukwandisa inkxaso yezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu kunye nezinto eziphambili eziphuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo ezifana ne-ECMO, i-liquid-free helium magnetic resonance, njl., kunye nokwenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zophando kunye nonxibelelwano olusebenzayo. Ngo-2022, inkqubo yokuqala yonyango ye-proton ephuhliswe ekhaya, isixhobo sokuqala sonyango esifakelwayo ngetekhnoloji ye-magnetic levitation, kunye nesixhobo sokuqala sonyango esifakelwayo ngetekhnoloji yolwelo lwemagnethi iya kuphuhliswa kwimarike yasekhaya. Inkqubo yokuncedisa i-ventricular yasekhohlo esebenzisa iteknoloji yokumisa ulwelo lwamagnetic iya kuvunywa kwaye ithengiswe, kwaye inkqubo yonyango lwe-carbon ion iya kuba igqibile ukuguqulwa nokuphuculwa kwayo; ngo-2023, iimveliso zezixhobo ze-ECMO ezintathu eziveliswe ekhaya ziya kuvunywa kwaye zithengiswe, kwaye ingxaki yeebhodi ezimfutshane zezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu e-China ziya kusonjululwa ngendlela ezinzileyo nesebenzayo.
Ukubambelela ebantwini kuqala
Iinzame ezipheleleyo zokukhusela nokuthintela ubhubhane
NgoDisemba ka-2019, ubhubhani omtsha wequbuliso wasongela ubomi kunye nokhuseleko lwezempilo lwabantu. Unobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping wenze imiyalelo ebalulekileyo yokuthintela kunye nokulawula ubhubhane. Phantsi kobunkokeli obuqinileyo beqela leqela loLawulo lweZiyobisi lukaRhulumente, uphononongo lobugcisa bezixhobo zonyango, olukhokelwa yingcinga kaXi Jinping yobusoshiyali eneempawu zaseTshayina kwixesha elitsha, baphumeza ngononophelo iimfuno "zezona zingqongqo", babambelela kuzo. umgaqo wokubeka ukhuseleko lobomi kunye nempilo yabantu kwindawo yokuqala, ngokuhambelana "nomyalelo odibeneyo, ungenelelo lwangethuba, imvume yesayensi", kunye "nezona zingqongqo" iimfuno, Ngokuhambelana nemigaqo "yomyalelo odibeneyo, ukungenelela kwangaphambili, ukuphononongwa kwendawo kunye nokuvunywa kwesayensi" kunye neemfuno zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho olawulekayo, siwugqibile umsebenzi wokuphononongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, oye wanikezela. isiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sokuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane.
Ukukhutshwa kwamanqaku ophononongo olungxamisekileyo
Emva kokuqhambuka kwesibetho, i-State Drug Administration (SDA) iqalise inkqubo yokuvunywa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo zonyango ngexesha lokuqala, kwaye yamisela ububanzi beemveliso eziza kubandakanywa kwimvume engxamisekileyo. Ukuze kuxhaswe abavelisi ukuba baphuhlise i-reagents entsha yokufumanisa i-coronavirus yothintelo kunye nolawulo lobhubhane ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibhaliswe ngempumelelo kwimarike, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhupha amaxwebhu esikhokelo ngexesha ukukhokela uphuhliso lwemveliso kunye nokubhaliswa. Ngesiseko sokuqokelela uncwadi olufanelekileyo kunye nokucela izimvo zeengcali, iZiko loPhononongo lweZixhobo (CIR) liphande kwaye laqulunqa kwaye laqala kwihlabathi liphela "Amanqaku aphambili oPhononongo lobuGcisa lokuBhaliswa kweNovel Coronavirus Nucleic Acid Detection Reagents" kunye "neSitshixo". Amanqaku oPhononongo lobuGcisa loBhaliso lweNoveli ye-2019 ye-Antigen ye-Antigen / i-Antibody Detection Reagents ”, ezijonge ukubonelela ngesikhokelo kubafaki-zicelo ekulungiseleleni ulwazi lwesibhengezo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wophononongo, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kwezixhobo ezintsha zovavanyo lwe-coronavirus ukuze zisetyenziswe ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni ubhubhane. Izixhobo ezintsha zokufumanisa i-coronavirus kwimarike zibonelela ngesiseko sobugcisa. Ngexesha lobhubhane, iziKhokelo zokuBhaliswa kweNew Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) i-Antigen Detection Reagents, izikhokelo zokuPhonononga iPneumonia CT Imaging Assisted Diagnosis and Evaluation Software (Trial), Guidelines for Review of Extracorporeal Membrane Lung Oxygenation (ECMO) Devices , kunye namanye amaxwebhu abalulekileyo akhokelayo aye aqulunqwa kwaye akhululwa ngokuhambelana nemeko ye-anti-bhubhane, ebonelela ngezikhokelo ezisebenzayo zokuphononongwa kobugcisa kunye nophando kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zeshishini.
Ukuqhuba uphononongo olungxamisekileyo
Hambisa kwimiyalelo kwaye uthathe imithwalo enzima. Emva kokuba i-State Drug Administration iqalise inkqubo yokuvunywa ngokukhawuleza, iZiko lokuPhonononga i-Instrumental (CIRC) liye laphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza umsebenzi wokuphononongwa ngokukhawuleza, ukugqamisa iimpawu zesayensi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, kunye nokulawula ngokungqongqo umgangatho weemveliso. Ngolwakhiwo lwezenzululwazi lokhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nemodeli yovavanyo olusebenzayo, senza isigwebo esichanekileyo kwiimfuno zokuphononongwa kweemveliso ezintsha ezahlukeneyo, ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo nokuhlolwa, uvavanyo lwenkqubo kunye nophononongo lwemiba emithathu, kunye nokukhuthaza uphononongo olungxamisekileyo. I-modus operandi ethile yeQela eliSebenzayo lokuPhonononga oluNgxamisekileyo libandakanya ukungenelela ekuphuhliseni imveliso kwangaphambili, ukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo neqela le-R & D, ukuqonda imeko ye-R & D, kunye nokukhokela uyilo lwemveliso kunye neendlela zophuhliso; ukwenza uvavanyo lobugcisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiimveliso eziza kubhengezwa, kunye nokukhokela abafaki-zicelo bobhaliso ukuba benze umsebenzi wokubhengezwa kobhaliso okokuqala; ukuqhuba ukuphononongwa kwe-clock-clock yolwazi olufakwe ngamashishini, kunye nokuphendula kwiingxaki zamashishini ekuqinisekisweni kweemveliso kwixesha leeyure ezingama-24. Ekuqaleni kokuqhambuka kobhubhane, iZiko loPhononongo lweZixhobo ligqibe ukuphononongwa kwee-reagents ezine ze-nucleic acid zovavanyo lwamashishini amane kwiintsuku ezine, kwaye kwinqanaba elizayo, ngokuhambelana nemeko yokuchasana nobhubhane, iZiko ngokwesayensi nangobuchule ligqitywe. uphononongo olungxamisekileyo lwezixhobo zokuvavanya i-antigen, izixhobo ze-ECMO zasekhaya kunye nezinye iimveliso, ezidlale indima entle ekunciphiseni ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zonyango ezichasene nobhubhane. Ngokwezibalo, ukuya kuthi ga ekupheleni kuka-2023, ngaphezulu kwe-150 ii-reagents ezintsha zokuchongwa kwe-coronavirus, kunye nezixhobo ezingaphezulu kwe-30 ezinxulumeneyo, isoftware kunye nezinxibo ezivunyiweyo ukuba zithengiswe, kubandakanya izixhobo zokucoca igazi, ii-ventilators, izixhobo ze-ECMO kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphambili zenkxaso. ngokufanelekileyo ihlangabezane neemfuno zothintelo nolawulo lobhubhane.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-23-2024