Umbhalo / Ukususela kwintetho kaXu Jinghe, uSekela Mlawuli we-State Drug Administration, kwinkomfa yolwazi lwezoqoqosho kwisixhobo sonyango se-Southern Institute ngo-25th Septemba.
Izixhobo zonyangozisisiseko sezinto ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhlisa impilo yabantu kunye nokuphucula impilo yabantu.Uphuhliso lweisixhobo sonyangoishishini linxulumene nokuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso-qhinga se-Healy China kunye neLizwe elinamandla lokuVelisa.IKomiti ePhakathi yeQela kunye neBhunga leSizwe lihlomele ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuphuhliseni izinto ezintsha nezikumgangatho ophezuluisixhobo sonyangoishishini.Unobhala-Jikelele u-Xi Jinping uye wagxininisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo imfuneko yokukhawulezisa ukwenza ibhodi emfutshane yezixhobo zonyango zaseTshayina eziphezulu, ukukhawulezisa uphando oluphambili lwetheknoloji, ukuqhawula kwiibhotile zobuchwepheshe kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokuphumeza ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwe-high-end. izixhobo zonyango.Ukugxila kuphando oluphambili lweteknoloji, ukukhawuleza isisombululo senani lamachiza, izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zonyango, izitofu kunye nezinye iindawo zengxaki "yentamo".Ukomeleza uphando olusisiseko kunye nolwakhiwo lwezakhono zenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ubomi bophuhliso loshishino lwebhayoloji ngokuqinileyo ezandleni zethu.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uLawulo lweZiyobisi lukaRhulumente lubambelele kwingcinga ka-Xi Jinping yobusoshiyali eneempawu zaseTshayina kwixesha elitsha njengesikhokelo esisisiseko, yathatha ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yoluntu njengomsebenzi obekekileyo, yakhawulezisa ukutsiba kwilizwe elikhulu. izixhobo kwilizwe elomeleleyo ukwenza izixhobo njengenjongo yophuhliso, kuthathwe zenzululwazi, umthetho, ngamazwe kunye nokuphuculwa njengendlela yophuhliso, wabambelela ukongama kwabantu kunye nokuphakama kobomi, kunye nokuqonda ngakumbi idityaniswe imbangela yolawulo isixhobo zonyango zibe umsebenzi weQela kunye nelizwe.Siya kuba nokuqonda ngakumbi ukudibanisa isizathu sokulawulwa kwesixhobo sonyango kumsebenzi weQela kunye noRhulumente, ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa komthetho wokulawula izixhobo zonyango, ukuphumeza isicwangciso sezenzululwazi solawulo lweziyobisi lwaseChina ngokusebenzayo ngakumbi, ukwenza nzulu uhlaziyo lophononongo kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa kweizixhobo zonyangongokuzimisela ngakumbi, kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kutshintshiselwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano yolawuloizixhobo zonyangongendlela enzulu ngakumbi, ukuze kunyuswe uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu wophuhliso lweshishini ngolawulo lwezenzululwazi kunye nolawulo lwale mihla, kunye nokukhusela amalungelo ezempilo kunye nomdla woluntu ngokubanzi.
Ushishino olomeleleyo lufuna ulawulo oluluqilima, kwaye ulawulo oluluqilima ludala ishishini elomeleleyo.Xa sijongana nexesha elitsha lokuxhalaba kwabantu ngolonwabo nempilo, kunye nendlela entsha yophuhliso yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe yomjikelo ophindwe kabini, iTshayinaisixhobo sonyangoIshishini beliguqula kwaye livelisa izinto ezintsha, lihambela phambili iphupha ngephupha, kwaye liye laqonda uphuhliso ukusuka ekuqaleni, ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu, ukusuka kobuthathaka ukuya komelele, kwaye ngoku lingene kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso "lokubaleka ecaleni, ukubaleka ngokuhambelanayo, ukukhokela" kunye ekhoyo kunye.Okwangoku, ishishini lezixhobo zonyango laseTshayina libonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Okokuqala, isikali soshishino sikhula imihla ngemihla.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lezixhobo zonyango laseTshayina liphuhla ngokukhawuleza, linamashishini okuvelisa angaphezulu kwama-32,000 kunye namashishini asebenzayo angaphezu kwe-1,278,000. unyaka, ophezulu kakhulu kunesantya sokukhula sisonke seshishini lamayeza laseTshayina kunye nesantya sokukhula soshishino lwezixhobo zonyango lwehlabathi.NgokweZiko laseMzantsi loQoqosho lwezoPhando loLawulo lweZiyobisi zeSizwe, ingeniso yesixhobo sonyango saseTshayina iya kudlula i-200 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2023, kwaye umlinganiselo wemarike yezixhobo zonyango zehlabathi uya kufikelela kwi-28.5%.
Okwesibini, ipateni yoshishino iya icaca ngakumbi.Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamaqela emizi-mveliso, intlanganisela yemizi-mveliso kunye nokudluliselwa kwemizi-mveliso ngokunxuseneyo, ukusekwa komlinganiselo weqela lemizi-mveliso kunye neempawu ezahlukileyo.I-Bohai Rim, i-Yangtze River Delta kunye ne-Guangdong, i-Hong Kong kunye ne-Macao Bay Area njengoko amaqela amathathu emveli aqhubekayo ekhula ngesantya esiphezulu, ezinye iindawo zophuhliso lwe-high-tech, iindawo zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye namanye amaqela amashishini aphezulu. , ukwenza amaqela oshishino lwengingqi kunye nobuchule obubalaseleyo kwiinkalo ze-niche.Njengombindi wekhonkco loshishino, ukwandiswa kwesikali soshishino lwezixhobo zonyango kuqhuba uphuhliso lwekhonkco loshishino lonke.
Okwesithathu, inqanaba letekhnoloji liyanda ukuphuculwa.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-China ayikhange ikhawulezise kuphela ukwenza iibhotile kunye neebhodi ezimfutshane kwimimandla yamacandelo asisiseko, isoftware esisiseko, izixhobo ezisisiseko kunye nethekhnoloji esisiseko, kodwa ikwavune iziphumo ezimangalisayo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho ophezulu- Ukuphelisa izixhobo zonyango, ukugqobhoza inani letekhnoloji ephambili yamacandelo aphambili anje ngemagnethi egqithisayo, i-electron accelerators, iRF/spectrometers, njl. njl., kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili beproton kunye ne-carbon ion inkqubo yonyango, iirobhothi zotyando, isizukulwana sesithathu sentliziyo eyenziweyo. , kugxilwe kwi-Focused Ultrasound Therapy System, i-Gene Sequencing System, njl.
Okwesine, isakhono sokwenza izinto ezintsha kolu shishino sikhula ngokukhawuleza imihla ngemihla.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-State Drug Administration ukukhuthazaisixhobo sonyangoumgaqo-nkqubo wokusungula iteknoloji uyaqhubeka nokunyanzela.Ukusukela kulo nyaka, iimveliso ezintsha ziye zaqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okukhawulezileyo, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iimveliso ezingama-41 ezintsha zivunyiwe ukuba zidweliswe.Ezinye iimveliso ezivelisa izinto ezintsha, ezifana ne-brain pacemaker, ziphumelele ibhaso lokuqala lenkqubela phambili yesizwe yenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe.
Okwesihlanu, inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho iya igqibelela ngakumbi.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nenkqubela phambili ezinzileyo yolwakhiwo lwenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho woshishino, ukongamela kunye neenzame zokulungisa ziyaqhubeka ukwanda, uxanduva oluphambili lwamashishini ukomeleza ukuphunyezwa kwenqanaba lenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho weshishini lezixhobo zonyango liyaqhubeka nokuphucula.
Okwesithandathu, impembelelo yamazwe ngamazwe iyanda.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, impembelelo yamazwe ngamazwe yamashishini ezixhobo zonyango zaseTshayina iye yanda.Amashishini amaninzi aseTshayina anobuchwepheshe obuphambili, ukusebenza ngokuthobelayo kunye nomgangatho ovakalayo aphumeze iqhinga lokuthumela iimveliso zawo elwandle kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe abonise impembelelo yawo kumazwe ngamazwe.Ngokoluhlu lwe-100 ephezulu yehlabathiisixhobo sonyangoabavelisi kwi-2022 ekhutshwe yiwebhusayithi egunyazisiweyo yoshishino lwezixhobo zonyango, iinkampani ze-12 zaseTshayina ziye zangena ngempumelelo kuluhlu.
Inkqubo ye "Healthy China 2030" ithi impilo iyimfuneko yophuhliso olubanzi lwabantu kunye nemeko esisiseko yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalontle.Njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokukhusela impilo yabantu,izixhobo zonyangoidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo zothintelo, ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango.Ukusuka kwiimfuno ezingxamisekileyo zelizwe kunye nemfuno yexesha elide, ishishini lezixhobo zonyango liyintsimi ephambili ekufuneka igxininise kwimithombo enenzuzo, kwaye lishishini elikhulayo elinobuchule elinokukhula olomeleleyo, ukufaneleka kunye nokukhuthaza.Uphando oluphangaleleyo kunye nesigwebo, okwangoku, ishishini lezixhobo zonyango laseTshayina lisekwixesha “lophuhliso lwegolide”.Ngaphantsi kwenkxaso eqhubekayo kunye nokuxhotyiswa kolwazi, ukufakwa kwidijithali kunye nobukrelekrele, utshintsho oluninzi olutsha luya kuvela kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye neengomaizixhobo zonyango.Ngokomzekelo, isizukulwana esitsha somfanekiso wezonyango siya kukhawulezisa uphuhliso olukrelekrele, olukude, oluncinci, olukhawulezayo, oluchanekileyo, lwe-multi-modal fusion, ukuxilongwa kunye nokudibanisa unyango, kwaye uqhubeke nokuphucula ngokuthe ngcembe indlela yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kovavanyo lwemfuza, ukuxilongwa okufanayo amathumba kunye nokuxilongwa kwangaphambili, ukukhuselwa kwesifo sephepha kunye nokuxilongwa, kunye nokufumanisa iintsholongwane ezikhulayo.Indawo yokuphucula itekhnoloji yesixhobo songenelelo lwezityalo ibanzi, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophuhliso lwe-pacemakers yentliziyo entsha, i-neurostimulators kunye nezinye iimveliso, kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo uphuhliso lokuvuselelwa kwezicubu kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa izinto ezidibeneyo ze-bioactive zophando kunye nophuhliso kunye notshintsho, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphambili, ubunjineli beethishu, ushicilelo lwe-3D kunye nobunye ubugcisa.
Okokuqala, ukuphucula inkqubo yokulawula, ukuqinisa isiseko sophuhliso.2021 ehlaziyiweyo iMimiselo yoLawulo noLawulo lweIsixhobo soNyangos, umgaqo womthetho wokuhlanganisa kunye nokwenza nzulu impumelelo yohlaziyo lokuphononongwa kunye nokuvunywa kwenkqubo yezixhobo zonyango, ukusekwa okupheleleyo kwenkqubo yokubhalisa isixhobo sonyango, uvavanyo lwezonyango lweemfuno zemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe, ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yobhaliso lwezixhobo zonyango. inkqubo yerekhodi yemibutho yolingo lwezonyango, ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi yolingo lwezonyango luthetha inkqubo yemvume, evumela amashishini ukuba enze ukuzivavanya kwemveliso ngokwawo ngokomthetho.Ukongeza, inkqubo yokuvunywa okunemiqathango kunye nenkqubo yovavanyo olwandisiweyo lwezonyango iye yamiselwa ukunika ingqwalasela ephambili kuphononongo kunye nokuvunywa kwezixhobo zonyango ezitsha kunye nokuxhasa ukukhuthazwa kwekliniki kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezintsha.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yonke inkqubo yokulawula umgangatho wobomi kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo zonyango iye yaqulunqwa kunye "neMimiselo yoLawulo kunye noLawulo lweZixhobo zezoNyango" njengeyona nto ingundoqo, exhaswa yimimiselo ye-14 exhasayo, ngaphezu kwe-140 amaxwebhu aqhelekileyo, ngaphezu kwe I-600 yemigaqo ekhokelayo yobhaliso kunye nokuphononongwa kobugcisa, kunye neendawo ezingaphezu kwama-760 zokuphononongwa kwezobugcisa, ezibonelela ngomgaqo oqinileyo womthetho wophuhliso olutsha kunye nomgangatho ophezulu woshishino lwezixhobo zonyango.
Okwesibini, ukucwangciswa kwezinto eziphambili ngobuchule, ukuhamba kwesikhokelo sophuhliso.Ngo-2021, uLawulo lweZiyobisi lukaRhulumente kunye neqela lamasebe ngokudibeneyo likhuphe “iSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14” kukhuseleko lweziyobisi kuzwelonke kunye nokukhuthazwa kophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu, olucacileyo ekupheleni kwexesha “le-14 leminyaka emihlanu”. Umthamo opheleleyo wolawulo lwamachiza kufutshane nenqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, ukhuseleko lwamachiza kunye nenqanaba lokhuseleko lophuhliso oluzinzileyo loshishino lwezixhobo zonyango.Ekupheleni kwexesha le-14th ye-Five-Year Plan, amandla okulawula iziyobisi ngokubanzi aya kuba kufuphi nenqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, inqanaba lokhuseleko lweziyobisi kunye nokhuseleko luya kuqhubeka nokuphucula, kwaye abantu baya kwaneliseka ngakumbi nangaphezulu. ngokukhululeka ngomgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwamachiza.Indawo yokulawula ukuxhasa uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu woshishino luya kuphuculwa ngakumbi, uhlaziyo lokuphononongwa kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa iya kuqhubeka inzulu, inani leziyobisi ezifunekayo zonyango ziya kuvunywa, uluhlu lwexabiso lekliniki. Amachiza aqalayo aya kukhawuleziswa, kwaye amachiza avelisa izinto ezintsha kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezitsha ezifakelwa isicelo eTshayina ziya kufakwa kuluhlu kummandla ngokukhawuleza.Ulawulo lweziyobisi lukaRhulumente, kunye noMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, iSebe lezeMpilo kunye namanye amasebe, ngokudibeneyo bakhuphe "iSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14" yophuhliso loshishino lwezixhobo zonyango, kucaca ukuba ngo-2025 inqanaba loshishino lwezixhobo zonyango lwaseTshayina luya kuphuculwa kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kwisiseko esiphezulu kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-industrial chain chain, izixhobo zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziya kubonelelwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye umgangatho womsebenzi wezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu kunye nomgangatho uya kuphuculwa kakhulu, ekuqaleni yenza isiseko sempilo yoluntu kunye nezixhobo zonyango.Umgangatho wokusebenza kunye nomgangatho weemveliso zezixhobo zonyango eziphezulu ziya kuphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye amandla okuxhasa ngokubanzi kwimpilo yoluntu kunye neemfuno zonyango kunye nezempilo ziya kwenziwa ekuqaleni.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-State Drug Administration kunye namasebe afanelekileyo akhuphe ngokudibeneyo iSicwangciso sokuSebenza soHlaselo oluNxibeleleyo kwiZixhobo zezoNyango eziPhezulu, iSicwangciso sokuPhunyezwa kweRobhothi + yeSicelo sokuSebenza, kunye neeNgcebiso eziKhokelelwayo zokuKhawulezisa uPhuhliso oluNtsha lweSixhobo sezoNyango, ezithe zomeleza uyilo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye zancedisa kwinkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo ukuvula indlela ebanzi yophuhliso lwemveliso entsha kunye nomgangatho ophezulu woshishino lwezixhobo zonyango.Indlela yophuhliso ebanzi.
Okwesithathu, ukudibanisa izixhobo zolawulo kunye nokuqokelela amandla ophuhliso.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-State Drug Administration iye yomeleza intsebenziswano namasebe amaninzi, kwaye yaseka ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa.isixhobo sonyangoiqonga lentsebenziswano kubuchule obutsha kunye neqonga lentsebenziswano lokuyila kwezinto ezintsha, ukukhuthaza iinzame zentsebenziswano kushishino, izifundiswa, uphando, ukusetyenziswa kunye nolawulo, kunye nokuqokelela amandla awo onke amaqela ukwenza amandla akhulayo ekinetic kuphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu wokuveliswa kwemveliso.I-State Drug Administration iqhube ngokudibeneyo kunye noMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi (MIIT) umsebenzi wokutyhila uluhlu lwezixhobo zonyango zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye ne-biomaterials, kugxininise phambili kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji, ukubeka kwangaphambili, ukukhetha isiphelo esiphezulu.izixhobo zonyango, kunye nokugxila kwinkxaso yophuhliso oluphezulu lwezixhobo zonyango ukuqokelela amandla kunye nokuxhotyiswa.Ukuxhasa ngenkuthalo iSebe lezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji yophando olukhethekileyo kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha zokubona i-coronavirus, iSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi olukhethekileyo olukhethekileyo lwe-extracorporeal lung membrane oxygenation machine (ECMO) yokubhaliswa kwemveliso yeprojekthi.I-Yangtze River Delta, i-Bay Area, uphononongo lwezixhobo zonyango ezibini kunye neziko lokuhlola liqhuba ngokuthe ngcembe, ukunika inkonzo engcono amacebo aphambili engingqi yesizwe, kunye nokusebenzela ngcono imveliso yezixhobo zonyango kunye nophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu.
Okwesine, ukwenza nzulu uhlaziyo lolwamkelo kunye neendlela zophuhliso ezitsha.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uLawulo lweZiyobisi lukaRhulumente luye lwaqhubeka lwenza nzulu uhlaziyo lwenkqubo yokuphonononga kunye nokuvunywa, ngokuhambelana ne "IiNkqubo eziKhethekileyo zokuPhonononga izinto ezintsha.Izixhobo zonyango” kunye “neNkqubo yokuVunywa okuPhambili kwiZixhobo zoNyango”, kwaye unike kuqala uphononongo kunye nokuvunywa kwezixhobo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinobuchwephesha obungundoqo obunamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza okwenziwa eTshayina, kunye nemveliso yawo inemveliso yokuqala yasekhaya yomgaqo-siseko oyintloko wokusebenza/inkqubo ye imveliso, kwaye iimveliso zayo zinexabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo seklinikhi kwaye zifuneka ngokukhawuleza eklinikhi, kunye nokuvumela ezi mveliso ukuba "zimise umgca ngokwahlukeneyo, ziqhube yonke indlela".Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izixhobo zonyango ezingama-230 ezintsha ezifana nesantya sobuchopho sasekhaya, inkqubo yonyango lwekhabhoni, inkqubo yonyango lweproton, inkqubo yokucinga ngemagnethi ye-5.0T, i-panoramic PET/CT, intliziyo eyenziweyo yesizukulwana sesithathu, imithambo yegazi eyenziweyo kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango. zivunyiwe kwaye zidweliswe kwimarike, ziqonda impumelelo yezixhobo zonyango zasekhaya eziphezulu.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iZiko lokuPhonononga iSixhobo sezoNyango liqhubekile nokuhlaziya amalinge ophononongo kwaye laseka indlela yokusebenza yokutshintsha ugxininiso lophononongo lobugcisa besixhobo sonyango ukuya kwinqanaba lophuhliso lwemveliso, lijolise kwiimveliso ezinokufezekisa impumelelo kwiitekhnoloji eziphambili, izixhobo eziphambili kunye amacandelo angundoqo, kwaye banamalungelo azimeleyo epropathi yobukrelekrele, njengenkqubo ye-ECMO, inkqubo ye-proton carbon ion therapy kunye ne-ventricular assist system kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango eziphezulu, njl., kunye nokungenelela kwangaphambili ukukhokela nokukhawulezisa Uphando oluphambili lweteknoloji kunye uphuhliso, ukuze ukhokele indlela, ukukhuthaza izixhobo zonyango zaseTshayina eziphezulu zokufikelela kwimpumelelo enkulu.Okwangoku, i-State Drug Administration imisele izikhululo zenkonzo yokuvuselela izixhobo zonyango ezisithoba ukuxhasa ukutsha kweshishini lendawo yonyango kunye nophuhliso oluphezulu.
Okwesihlanu, ukuphuhlisa isayensi yolawulo ukonyusa inqanaba lophuhliso. Ngo-2019, uLawulo lweZiyobisi lweLizwe lwaphehlelela iSicwangciso sokuSebenza seSayensi yezoLawulo lwaseTshayina ukuze siqhelanise nemingeni emitsha eziswa bubuchwephesha obutsha, izixhobo, iinkqubo, iimveliso, amashishini kunye neendlela zokusebenza ukuvunywa kunye nolawulo, kunye nokuvelisa izixhobo ezitsha, imigangatho, kunye neendlela zokulawula, kumzamo wokwenza umgaqo ube yinkokeli kunye nesixhobo sokuphuhlisa izinto ezintsha kunye nomgangatho ophezulu woshishino.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-SDA ibone i-9isixhobo sonyangoiziseko zophando lwezenzululwazi ezilawulayo, iilabhoratri ezingundoqo ezingama-29 ezinxulumene necandelo lezixhobo zonyango zeSDA, kwaye kusungulwe iibhetshi ezimbini zeeprojekthi zesayensi zolawulo.Ngokunyuka kobunzulu bolawulo lophando lwezenzululwazi, izixhobo ezitsha, imigangatho kunye neendlela ziyasetyenziswa ekuphononongeni nasekuvunyweni kwezixhobo zonyango kunye nokubekwa kweliso nolawulo, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yenzululwazi nethekhinoloji kunye nenkxaso yobulumko kuphuhliso lwemveliso entsha kunye nomgangatho ophezulu.
Okwesithandathu, nzulu utshintshiselwano kunye nentsebenziswano yokwandisa indawo yophuhliso.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uLawulo lweZiyobisi lweSizwe ukunyusa utshintshiselwano kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, ukunceda isixhobo solawulo lwehlabathi ukuhlangana, ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuthembana, kukhokelele kuphuhliso lwezikhokelo zolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango lwezonyango lwehlabathi jikelele, lwakhokelela kuphuhliso “lwezixhobo zonyango zombane. I-2-90 yezixhobo zonyango zokuphefumla eziphezulu, ukhuseleko olusisiseko kunye nokusebenza okusisiseko ""inkqubo yokuvavanya i-in vitro - indlela yokukhulisa i-nucleic acid yokukhangela inoveli yeeMfuno kunye neeNgcebiso zeCoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)" kunye neminye imigangatho emithandathu yamazwe ngamazwe.Okwangoku, inani elipheleleyo lemigangatho yezixhobo zonyango e-China ifikelele kwi-1,961, kwaye iqondo lokuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe lifikelele ngaphezu kwe-90%.Sithatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwimisebenzi ye-IMDRF, GHWP kunye neminye imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ukunceda ukukhawulezisa ihlabathi.isixhobo sonyangoukuhlangana okulawulekayo, ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuthembana, kunye nokunceda iimveliso zesixhobo sonyango saseTshayina ukuba zihambe ngcono kwihlabathi.
Unobhala-Jikelele u-Xi Jinping uye wagxininisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba impilo yabantu ngumqondiso obalulekileyo wempumelelo yelizwe kunye namandla esizwe;ukuba ukubambelela ekuqaliseni izinto ezintsha kuneyona ndawo ingundoqo kuyo yonke imeko yophuculo lwaseTshayina;kwaye uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu ngumsebenzi ophambili kulwakhiwo olubanzi lwelizwe lobusoshiyali bale mihla.Isimboli esibalulekileyo, isikhundla esingundoqo kunye nomsebenzi ophambili ucacisa ngokunzulu ixabiso lesicwangciso kunye nesikhundla esibalaseleyo sempilo yabantu, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu kulwakhiwo lwenguqu yobusoshiyali.Ingxelo yeNgqungquthela yeNgqungquthela ye-20 iphakamisa ukuba kufuneka sigxininise ekubekeni ugxininiso lophuhliso lwezoqoqosho kuqoqosho lwangempela, ukukhuthaza ushishino olutsha, ukukhawuleza ukwakhiwa kwelizwe eliqinileyo lokuvelisa, ilizwe elinomgangatho oqinileyo, ilizwe lenethiwekhi elomeleleyo, idijithali eyomeleleyo. China njalo njalo.Ukukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kunye nophuhliso lwamaqela amashishini asakhasayo anobuchule, ukwakha isizukulwana esitsha sobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ubukrelekrele bokufakelwa, i-biotechnology, amandla amatsha, izixhobo ezitsha, izixhobo eziphezulu, ukukhuselwa kwendalo eluhlaza kunye nenani leenjini ezintsha zokukhula.Ngomhla wama-25 ku-Agasti, intlanganiso yesigqeba seBhunga likaRhulumente ithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye yamkele "isicwangciso sophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu kushishino lweMichiza (2023-2025)", "isicwangciso sophuhliso lwezixhobo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu (2023-2025)" kunye "noshishino lwezixhobo zonyango oluphezulu. -isicwangciso sokusebenza sophuhliso lomgangatho (2023-2025)”.IsiCwangciso sokuSebenza soPhuhliso (2023-2025) soShishino lweZixhobo zoNyango.Intlanganiso igxininise ukuba imboni yamachiza kunye nezixhobo zonyango zisisiseko esibalulekileyo sokhathalelo lwempilo, kwaye zinefuthe kubomi babantu kunye nempilo kunye nemeko yonke yophuhliso oluphezulu.Iinzame kufuneka zenziwe ukuphucula ukomelela kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini loxubo-mayeza kunye neshishini lezixhobo zonyango, ukunyusa umthamo wokubonelela ngamayeza aphezulu, itekhnoloji ephambili kunye nezixhobo ezikrwada kunye nezincedisayo, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukulungiswa kwebhodi emfutshane yonyango oluphezulu. izixhobo e China.Ukuphumeza izigqibo ezinkulu kunye nokuthunyelwa kweKomiti ePhakathi ye-CPC kunye neBhunga leSizwe, ukukhawulezisa ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zonyango zaseChina, ukukhawuleza inkqubela phambili yaseChina ukusuka kwilizwe elikhulu ukuya kwilizwe elinamandla ekwenzeni izixhobo zonyango, ukusuka ekupheleni kokulawula izixhobo zonyango, siya kugxila kule miba ilandelayo yomsebenzi:
Okokuqala, qhubeka wenze nzulu ukuphononongwa kunye nokuvunywa kwenkqubo yohlaziyo, ukukhawulezisa isantya sezixhobo zonyango ezitsha kwimarike.Okwangoku, eTshayinaisixhobo sonyangoishishini lingene kwixesha elitsha lokuyila okuzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso ikakhulu ukusuka ekulandeleni ukulinganisa.Ikhono lokuphuhlisa izixhobo zonyango kunye nokukwazi ukuphonononga izixhobo zonyango ziye zaba zizinto eziphambili zokulinganisa ukukhuphisana kwehlabathi jikelele kunye nezixhobo zonyango zommandla.I-Innovation yeyona nto yokuqala yokukhokela uphuhliso kunye nomthombo omkhulu wokukhuthaza utshintsho.Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwemarike, imveliso iyinkosi.Siya kuhlala sibambelele kumoya wenzululwazi kunye nomoya wolawulo lomthetho, ngokukhutheleyo ukulungelelaniswa neemfuno ezintsha zesixhobo sonyango lwehlabathi inkqubela phambili yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, ngokukhutheleyo ukulungelelanisa iimfuno ezintsha zonyango lwezigulane ', zinzulu ngokungagungqiyo. uhlaziyo lophononongo lwesixhobo sonyango kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa, kunye nokukhuthaza ngokungagungqiyo uphando lwezenzululwazi kulawulo lwezixhobo zonyango, luphucule ngakumbi uphononongo kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa, ukwandisa uphononongo kunye nenkqubo yokuvunywa, kunye nokuvuselela indlela yokuphonononga kunye nokuvunywa, ukuze unako, ngokusebenza ngcono.ukukhawulezisa isantya izixhobo zonyango ezintsha kwimarike.
Okwesibini, siya kwenza zonke iinzame zokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa komthetho wezixhobo zonyango, kwaye sikhawulezise ukudala inguqulelo ephuculweyo yenkqubo yezomthetho yokulawulaizixhobo zonyango.UMthetho woLawulo lweSixhobo sezoNyango ufakwe kwisicwangciso sowiso-mthetho seKomiti eMileyo yeNgqungquthela yeSizwe ye-14, esisiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimbali yolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango zaseChina.Umthetho sisixhobo sokudala ubomi obutsha.Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho yinkqubo yokwenza nzulu ukuqonda komthetho weisixhobo sonyangoulawulo, kunye nenkqubo yokuphucula inqanaba lenzululwazi, elisemthethweni, lamazwe ngamazwe kunye nelanamhlanje lolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango.Siya kubambelela kujoliso lwengxaki, kumbono wamazwe ngamazwe, uhlaziyo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, uphuhliso lwezenzululwazi, kwaye siqokelele amandla angakumbi okwenza umzamo opheleleyo wokudala uMthetho woLawulo lweZixhobo zoNyango kunye neengcamango zale mihla, iinqobo ezisemgangathweni ezihambelanayo, iinkqubo ezipheleleyo, kunye iindlela ezivakalayo ngakumbi, kunye nokwandisa ngakumbi ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuphuculwa kolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango lwaseTshayina.Umthetho lilungiselelo leziko lolonwabo loluntu.Siya kubambelela kumthetho wenzululwazi, wedemokhrasi novulelekileyo, kwaye samkele ngokunyanisekileyo onke amacandelo oluntu ukuba athathe inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho yoMthetho woLawulo lweZixhobo zoNyango kwaye sizame ukufaka isandla ngobulumko namandla akho.
Okwesithathu, siya kwenza amanyathelo anzulu ukudibanisa kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwamachiza, kwaye siqinise ngokupheleleyo umgangatho wolawuloizixhobo zonyangokuwo wonke umjikelo wabo wobomi.Kule minyaka idlulileyo, sigxile kumngcipheko noxanduva, inkqubo kunye namandla, umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, siye saqhubeka siqhuba ulawuloisixhobo sonyangoumgangatho kunye nokhuseleko, ukusekwa kweentlobo eziphambili, amakhonkco abalulekileyo, iindawo eziphambili kunye nemimandla ebalulekileyo, kwaye igxininise ekuphuculeni indlela yokulawula, ukuphucula amandla okulawula, ukuphanda amatyala amakhulu kunye nokulawula imingcipheko yokhuseleko.Okwangoku, ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokuqinisa ukhuseleko lwamachiza kunye nenyathelo lokuphucula, malunga nemiba ebalulekileyo exhalabisayo kuluntu ngokubanzi, malunga nokusilela kunye nobuthathaka benkqubo yolawulo lwesixhobo sonyango kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhono, ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo. iziphumo zokulungiswa okukhethekileyo kunye nokuphucula ngokusebenzayo ulawulo logxininiso, amanyathelo asebenzayo, imivimbo ebonakalayo, kunye nokufuna iziphumo ezibonakalayo, ukuze abantu babe nengqiqo enkulu yokufikelela ebantwini, ukuze abalawuli babe nengqiqo enkulu. impumelelo, kwaye ukuze abathathi-nxaxheba babe novakalelo olukhulu lokwaneliseka.
Okwesine, ukukhuthaza ngokukhutheleyo ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yokulawula umgangatho, uncedoisixhobo sonyangoimveliso entsha kunye nophuhliso lomgangatho ophezulu.Umgangatho wemveliso ngumgca wokuphila weshishini.Undoqo kunye nenqaku eliphambili lolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango lwanamhlanje likulawulo lwenkqubo yomgangatho.Kanye njengoko kungekho bulungisa ngaphandle kobulungisa benkqubo, akukho ukhuseleko lwemveliso ngaphandle kokhuseleko lwenkqubo.Kumjikelo wobomi benkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho wesixhobo sonyango, naziphi na iziphene ezincinci zinokukhokelela ekwaphukeni kwenkqubo.Inkqubo yomgangatho isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ingxaki yemveliso ngengozi;inkqubo yomgangatho iqhuba ngokungaqhelekanga, imveliso ayinangxaki sisipho.Kwinkalo yezixhobo zonyango, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yokulawula umgangatho, ukukhusela imingcipheko kunye nenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nenkqubo, ukuqinisa amandla enkqubo, ukufuna uphuhliso kunye nenkqubo.Ekukhuthazeni ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo yolawulo lwezixhobo zonyango, sinethemba lokubaisixhobo sonyangoumbutho woshishino unokuba nokuzinikela okukhulu kunye nokwenza.
Okwesihlanu, ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kutshintshiselwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano, nceda i-global device regulatory convergence, ulungelelaniso kunye nokuthembana.Ihlabathi lanamhlanje lilizwe elivulekileyo.Unobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping wachaza ukuba "ukwakha uluntu lwekamva labantu likamva labantu behlabathi."“Okwangoku, utshintsho lwehlabathi, ukuguquka kwamaxesha nokutshintsha kwembali kwenzeka ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili.”"Kufuneka sandise umbono wethu wehlabathi, siqonde ngokunzulu malunga nenkqubela phambili yoluntu kunye nenkqubela phambili, siphendule ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkxalabo zehlabathi jikelele zabantu abavela kuwo onke amazwe, ukufaka isandla ekusombululeni iingxaki ezifanayo ezijongene noluntu, kwaye sitsalele kwaye sithathe zonke izinto. impumelelo ebalaseleyo yempucuko yoluntu enengqondo ephangaleleyo equka yonke imilambo, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukwakhiwa kwehlabathi elilunge ngakumbi.”Ukuziqhelanisa nophuhliso lwehlabathi loqoqosho kunye nokukhululwa kwezorhwebo, siya kuthatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwihlabathiisixhobo sonyangoUtshintshiselwano olulawulayo kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nombono obanzi, isimo sengqondo esihle ngakumbi kunye nesantya esizinzile, kwaye sizame ukukhuthaza ukuhlangana, ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuthembana, ukuze kube negalelo ngokudibeneyo kwimpilo yoluntu jikelele ngendlela. elifanele eli xesha likhulu.
Asiyi kuba kude neentaba nolwandle;asiyi kuthintelwa lilanga nenyanga xa sikhwela isantya.Ikamva eliqaqambileyo loshishino lwezixhobo zonyango lwaseTshayina lilele kwixesha elizayo, ngaphambili naphantsi kweenyawo.Masisebenze kunye, ngokuhambelana neemfuno zoLawulo lweZiyobisi zikaRhulumente "ukuthetha ipolitiki, ukubeka iliso olomeleleyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso kwaye kuxhamle ubomi babantu", siqhubele phambili, sisebenze nzima, sikhawulezise umtsi ukusuka kwilizwe elikhulu ukuya kwelomelele. ilizwe ekwenzeniizixhobo zonyango, kunye nokwenza igalelo elikhulu ekukhuseleni nasekukhuthazeni impilo yoluntu.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-17-2023